COMM 101 Chapter 15 Answers

1. "The economic and social changes that occurred during the fifteenth and early sixteenth century inevitably led to the Protestant Reformation." Do you agree? Why or why not?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century

2. Why is absolutism considered a response to the general situation of crisis in Europe? Support your answer with examples.

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Response to Crisis: The Practice of Absolutism

3. What was "revolutionary" about Martin Luther’s ideas, and what was not revolutionary?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany

4. Of the two major Protestant reformers, Luther and Calvin, who was the most revolutionary figure? Why?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany Calvin and Calvinism

5. What conventions covered marriage during the early modern period in Europe, and how did these compare to those in other parts of the world?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Marriage in the Early Modern World

6. Explain the differences in the terms Catholic Reformation and Counter Reformation.

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Catholic Reformation

7. Discuss the most significant individuals and events involved in the rise of Protestantism in Germany, Switzerland, and England.

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany The Spread of the Protestant Reformation

8. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The period between 1560 and 1650 in Europe was truly an age of crisis. Use examples from the religious, economic, social and political sphere to support your position.

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Europe in Crisis, 1560-1650

9. Compare and contrast the Roman Catholic Reformation with the Protestant Reformation. Where did they share common ground and where did they differ?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany The Spread of the Protestant Reformation The Catholic Reformation

10. Compare and contrast Lutheranism, Calvinism and Catholicism. Where did they share common ground, and where did they differ?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany Calvin and Calvinism The Catholic Reformation

11. How did intra-Protestant and Protestant-Roman Catholic divisions influence events between the late 1500s and the end of the Glorious Revolution? Were the divisions intrinsically religious, or were religious differences in part the result of economic or social factors?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century

12. What were the most significant aspects of the witchcraft craze of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries? Why was it so widespread? Why did it decline?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Witchcraft Mania

13. Is it accurate to say that there was a military revolution in Europe in the seventeenth century? Why or why not? Be specific and give evidence to back up your argument.

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Was There a Military Revolution?

14. Using examples from art and literature, describe the flourishing of European culture. Should this be considered a reflection or a reaction to the political and economical situation of this period?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Flourishing of European Culture

15. Why did the government of France become the center of European absolutism? Why not Russia? Was it simply fate or chance or were there other factors which could explain why the era became known as the Age of Louis XIV?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Response to Crisis: The Practice of Absolutism France Under Louis XIV

16. Compare and contrast absolutism in central and eastern Europe with absolutism in Louis XIV's France and Kangxi's China.

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Response to Crisis: The Practice of Absolutism France under Louis XIV Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe

17. Compare and contrast political developments in France and England during the seventeenth century. What are the possible differences between the two kingdoms which led to absolutism in France and limited/constitutional monarchy in England?

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

France Under Louis XIV England and Limited Monarchy

18. Of the major individuals discussed in this chapter, who was the most "modern" and who was the least modern? In answering this question, be sure to include a definition of "modern."

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Entire Chapter

Instructions: Identify the following term(s).

19. new monarchies

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Growth of the State Power

20. Machiavelli's The Prince

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Growth of the State Power

21. Oliver Cromwell

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Civil War and the Commonwealth

22. Johannes Gutenberg

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Impact of Printing

23. Christian/northern Renaissance humanism

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Prelude to Reformation

24. Desiderius Erasmus

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Prelude to Reformation

25. indulgences

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Church and Religion on the Eve of the Reformation

26. Pope Julius II

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Church and Religion on the Eve of the Reformation

27. Ninety-Five Theses

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany

28. justification by faith

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany

29. Johann Tetzel

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany

30. purgatory

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Church and Religion on the Eve of the Reformation

31. Martin Luther

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany

32. the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany

33. Peace of Augsburg

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Politics ad Religion in the German Reformation

34. Ulrich Zwingli

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Spread of the Protestant Reformation

35. John Calvin

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Calvin and Calvinism

36. predestination

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Calvin and Calvinism

37. Act of Supremacy

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The English Reformation

38. "bloody Mary"

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The English Reformation

39. Catholic Reformation

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Catholic Reformation

40. counter-reformation

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Catholic Reformation or Counter-Reformation?

41. Council of Trent

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Council of Trent

42. “mutual love between man and wife”

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Social Impact of the Reformation

43. Society of Jesus

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Society of Jesus

44. Ignatius Loyola

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Society of Jesus

45. Francis Xavier

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Society of Jesus

46. Philip II

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Philip II and Militant Catholicism

47. limited/constitutional monarchy

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Restoration and a Glorious Revolution

48. James II

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Restoration and a Glorious Revolution

49. Henry IV

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598)

50. Elizabeth Tudor

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The England of Elizabeth

51. Spanish Armada

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The England of Elizabeth

52. Thirty Years' War

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648)

53. relics

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Church and Religion on the Eve of the Reformation

54. mercantilism

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Economic Trends in the Seventeenth Century

55. Protestant Reformation

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century

56. Peace of Westphalia

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648)

57. Louis XIV

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Chapter Introduction France Under Louis XIV

58. Jean Baptiste Colbert

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Economy and the Military

59. divine-right monarchy

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

France Under Louis XIV

60. absolutism

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Chapter Introduction Response to Crisis: The Practice of Absolutism

61. Frederick William the Great Elector

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Prussia

62. Huguenots

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598)

63. Ivan IV

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

From Muscovy to Russia

64. Michael Romanov

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

From Muscovy to Russia

65. Edict of Nantes

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The French Wars of Religion (1562-1598)

66. James I

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Conflict Between King and Parliament

67. the Puritans

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Conflict Between King and Parliament

68. the Glorious Revolution

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Restoration and a Glorious Revolution

69. Baroque

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Art: The Baroque

70. Bill of Rights

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

The Bill of Rights

71. Gian Lorenzo Bernini

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Art: The Baroque

72. William Shakespeare

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

A Golden Age of Literature in England

73. William and Mary

ANSWER:

Answers will vary.

POINTS:

1

REFERENCES:

Restoration and a Glorious Revolution The Bill of Rights

74. Who wrote the famous sixteenth-century book The Prince?

a.

Lorenzo Ghiberti

b.

Niccolo Alberti