Chapter 17 The New Metropolis
1) By 1900, the number of Americans who lived in cities had grown to ________ percent.
A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
2) Manufacturing shifted to cities as power systems shifted from water to
A) steam.
B) electricity.
C) nuclear.
D) solar.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
3) In the working-class neighborhoods of American industrial cities in the three decades after the Civil War,
A) ethnic groups often gathered in a particular area.
B) there was no intermingling of ethnic groups.
C) working families were unable to create any kind of community life because of the deplorable conditions.
D) living conditions were generally sanitary and healthy.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 550
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
4) Much of the population growth in northeastern cities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century came from
A) Latin America.
B) Asia
C) Northern Europe.
D) Southern and Eastern Europe.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
5) In 1886, workers erected the American urban landmark known as the
A) Golden Gate Bridge.
B) Statue of Liberty.
C) Liberty Bell.
D) Twin Towers.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
6) The Chinese met with a violent backlash in the state of
A) Massachusetts.
B) New York.
C) New Jersey.
D) California.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
7) Many rural Americans entering cities had been pushed out of agricultural labor by
A) Latin American labor competition.
B) Asian American immigration.
C) African American sharecroppers.
D) the invention of machinery.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
8) Immigrants in cities were joined by
A) rural Americans.
B) timber workers.
C) Native Americans.
D) European monarchs.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 558
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
9) In 1871, a fire destroyed the city of
A) San Francisco.
B) Buffalo.
C) Chicago.
D) New Orleans.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 559
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
10) Between 1870 and 1890, the population doubled in the city of
A) San Francisco.
B) Buffalo.
C) Chicago.
D) New Orleans.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 559
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
11) Atlanta was known as the “Chicago of the South” because of its proximity to a
A) nuclear power plant.
B) railroad hub.
C) stockyards.
D) high mountains.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 559
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
12) In 1891, the second largest city in the West, behind San Francisco, was
A) Portland.
B) San Diego.
C) Los Angeles.
D) Medford.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 561
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
13) All of the following are true regarding urban bosses EXCEPT they
A) received bribes and kickbacks.
B) helped run city services and political machines.
C) were charismatic personalities.
D) were rarely corrupt.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 561
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
14) One of the most famous political machines was New York’s
A) Ryker’s Island.
B) Brooklyn Cohort.
C) Tammany Hall.
D) Chicago Club.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 562
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
15) Voter turnout in the 1880s hovered around _______ percent.
A) 78.5
B) 65
C) 54.5
D) 33.5
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 562
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
16) All of the following statements are true regarding American voters in the late 1800s EXCEPT:
A) All voters were men.
B) Local issues and a celebratory atmosphere drew men to the polls.
C) Voters showed an interest in emotional issues
D) Alcohol was not a major issue on election day.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 563
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
17) All of the following statements are true regarding the consumption of alcohol in the United States in the late 1800s EXCEPT:
A) The annual consumption of alcohol was increasing.
B) Many Americans considered drinking a serious social problem.
C) Women supported temperance in large numbers.
D) Alcohol was not a serious political issue.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 563
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
18) In 1904, Lincoln Steffens wrote
A) The Jungle.
B) Silent Spring
C) The Shame of the Cities.
D) Sister Carrie.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 564
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
19) All of the following were pollution problems of nineteenth century cities EXCEPT
A) coal dust and fumes.
B) ashes in the air.
C) acidic soil.
D) radiation contamination.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 564
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
20) Presidents Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison set aside ________ reserves.
A) fish
B) forest
C) marine
D) vernal pool
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 564
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
21) By the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the antebellum “walking city”
A) expanded.
B) remained the same.
C) disappeared.
D) declined slightly.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 565
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
22) New York neighborhoods were divided by
A) age.
B) gender.
C) gang affiliation.
D) ethnicity.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 565-566
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
23) In 1899, W. E. B. DuBois wrote
A) The Philadelphia Negro.
B) Up from Slavery.
C) The Souls of Black Folk.
D) Reconstruction in the South.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 568
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
24) New suburbs for elites were promoted by
A) railroad companies.
B) airline companies.
C) mining interests.
D) the working poor.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 568
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
25) In 1885 in Chicago an architectural urban wonder appeared, known as the
A) Brooklyn Bridge.
B) skyscraper.
C) Chunnel.
D) Hoover Dam.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 569
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
26) Industrialists sought more remote sites for new factories by 1900 because of all the following reasons EXCEPT
A) labor conflicts.
B) deteriorating conditions of cities.
C) Native American land claims.
D) higher land prices.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 562
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
27) A model industrial town was created near Chicago at
A) Peoria.
B) Utopia.
C) Pullman.
D) South Bend.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 571
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
28) A sympathy strike against Pullman was led by
A) Eugene Debs.
B) Nelson Rockefeller.
C) Andrew Carnegie.
D) Bill Gates.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 571
Skill: Factual
Topic: The New Urban Geography
29) All of the following influenced middle-class reformers in the United States EXCEPT
A) Victor Hugo.
B) Karl Marx.
C) Leo Tolstoy.
D) Adolph Hitler.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 573
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
30) One of the most famous settlement houses was created in Chicago by
A) Elizabeth Stanton.
B) Susan B. Anthony.
C) Jane Addams.
D) Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 573
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
31) Settlement houses were formed for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to
A) gather data to alleviate social misery through legislation.
B) give college-educated women meaningful work.
C) assist American men adjust to new gender roles.
D) assist immigrants in adjusting to American life.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 574
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
32) One of the first targets of urban reform was New York’s
A) Indian reservations.
B) Central Park.
C) tenements.
D) opera houses.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 580
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
33) In 1890 Jacob Riis wrote
A) How the Other Half Lives.
B) The Jungle.
C) Christianity and the Social Crises.
D) Christianizing the Social Order.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 580
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
34) Public art and civic beautification projects became known as the
A) “City Beautiful” movement.
B) “Recycling Campaign.”
C) “Keep American Green” movement.
D) “Utopian movement”
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 581
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
35) In 1893 a World’s Columbian Exposition took place in the city of
A) New York.
B) Seattle.
C) New Orleans.
D) Chicago.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 581
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
36) In the 1890s, many Protestant ministers embraced the
A) Social Gospel Movement.
B) Ashcan school.
C) decline of the Protestant Church.
D) increase of Catholicism.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 575
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
TRUE/FALSE
37) Settlement houses in the United States were the same as those in England.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 573
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
38) The Lower East Side of Manhattan witnessed the emergence of the first settlement home.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 574
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
39) Dwight Moody preached a traditional evangelical Christianity in cities.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 574
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Severing the Colonial Bonds
40) Charles Sheldon’s 1897 novel In His Steps influenced a generation to abandon American cities.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 575
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
41) The Tenement Reform Law of 1879 was designed to improve living conditions for tenement dwellers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 580
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
42) Urban reformers were influenced by the teachings of Jesus Christ.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 573
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
43) By 1900, less than a dozen settlement houses existed in the United States, mostly in small towns.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 574
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
44) All urban reformers were elitist.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 576
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
ESSAY
45) Describe a working-class neighborhood scene in New York City in 1900.
Answer: Working-class neighborhoods were busy slums with pollution in gutters, the water, and backyards where sewage was dumped in the open or through outhouses. Immigrant workers walked to work through ethnic-divided neighborhoods filled with horse-drawn wagons amidst lively street scenes of markets, street performers, and protesters.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 565-567
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
46) What conditions did blacks face in urban America in 1900?
Answer: Blacks lived in the poorest housing conditions amidst segregation in the north and south, as well as very high rental rates and the lack of city services to black areas. Many southern blacks left and migrated north where urban problems remained a major challenge. A rich religious and associational life helped to ease the burden.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 567
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
47) Describe the Pullman company strike that developed in the 1890s.
Answer: After the owner of the model company town cut wages by one-third during a recession, the workers, led by Eugene Debs, joined at the American Railway Union. But Pullman refused to submit to arbitration, forcing a confrontation with the beleaguered workers. Federal troops ordered by President Grover Cleveland eventually ended the strike in favor of the owner.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 571-572
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Reforming the City
48) How did the population of American cities change from 1880 to 1920?
Answer: In 1870, some 25 percent of American people lived in cities. By 1900, 40 percent did. New York City grew from 1.2 million in 1880 to 5.6 million in 1920. Los Angeles numbered 11,000 in 1880, and had 500,000 by 1920.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
49) Describe the growth of Chicago.
Answer: Founded on Lake Michigan in 1833, Chicago grew rapidly with the rise of the stockyard industry during and after the Civil War. Lumber and grain also fed the city’s residential and industrial expansion over time. Although devastated by fire in 1871, it rebounded and increased population to 1.6 million by 1900. In 1893 its central importance as America’s major city of the interior was showcased when it hosted the World’s Columbian Exposition.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 559
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
50) What explains the rise and historical significance of the department store?
Answer: As cities expanded and developed an internal market district for local shopping and regional distribution, a unique business model developed to cater to the needs of the urban consumer, increasingly part of the enlarging middle class. Based on European precedents and the rapid expansion of the internal market, the department store carried all goods under one roof. Elaborate window displays, middle-class employees, and the increasingly presence of women made the department store a cultural icon beginning in the late nineteenth century. Poor people perused the items and hoped for a better future.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 570
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: The Industrial City
IDENTIFICATION
51) The _________immigration station was the first stop for most immigrants arriving in New York City in the 1890s.
Answer: Ellis Island
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 557
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
52) Chicago’s counterpart in the West was _________, a city founded by the Gold Rush of 1849.
Answer: San Francisco
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 559
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
53) In 1898, the city of __________ consolidated into a large metropolis.
Answer: New York
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 561
Skill: Factual
Topic: The Industrial City
54) New York City’s political machine, Tammany Hall, was operated by the _________ party.
Answer: Democratic
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 562
Skill: Factual
Topic: The IndustrialCity
55) In New Mexico, the ___________ exploited local Mexican Americans for cheap lands.
Answer: Santa Fe Ring
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 563
Skill: Factual
Topic: The IndustrialCity
56) The public battle over __________in San Jose, California, in the 1870s illustrates the passions the issue aroused in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Answer: temperance
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 563
Skill: Factual
Topic: The IndustrialCity
57) The outbreak of diseases such as __________ made urban living dangerous in the late 1800s.
Answer: yellow fever
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 565
Skill: Factual
Topic: The IndustrialCity
58) In New York City, the ____________Settlement campaigned for small parks and the opening of schoolyards on weekends.
Answer: Henry Street
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 581
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
59) The reformer ____________ campaigned for social justice and a welfare state to improve city poor.
Answer: Walter Rauschenbusch
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 575
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
60) In 1889, Jane Addams and her friend, ____________, helped start Hull House in Chicago.
Answer: Ellen Starr
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 573
Skill: Factual
Topic: Reforming the City
The American People, Concise, 7e (Nash)
Chapter 18 Becoming a World Power
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1) While the United States Senate debated whether to ratify the Treaty of Paris, American soldiers in the Philippines
A) maintained a tense truce with the Filipino soldiers.
B) helped establish a Filipino-controlled government in the islands.
C) were being quietly withdrawn from the islands.
D) helped the Filipinos celebrate the expulsion of the Spanish from the islands.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 584-585
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: American Stories
2) Nineteenth-century Americans tended to believe that in world affairs the United States
A) should support the establishment of the League of Nations.
B) had a special mission.
C) should remain totally isolated.
D) should commit itself to maintaining world order.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 586
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
3) During the first 50 years after independence, American foreign policy was concerned primarily with
A) trans-Atlantic commercial trade.
B) imperialism.
C) continental expansion.
D) national armament.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 587
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
4) As part of his foreign policy goals, President Grant
A) rejected the Monroe Doctrine.
B) opposed Congress’s attempts to extend U.S. influence into Latin America.
C) defended the principle of self-determination.
D) attempted to annex Santo Domingo.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 588
Skill: Factual
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
5) As a factor in its foreign policy during the late nineteenth century, the United States
A) showed little interest in acquiring territory in the Pacific Ocean region.
B) drove Great Britain and Germany out of Pago Pago.
C) renounced interest in building a canal across Central America.
D) indicated its interest in building an American-controlled canal in Nicaragua.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 587
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
6) The annexation of Hawaii to the United States was
A) opposed by President Harrison.
B) opposed by President Cleveland.
C) supported by Queen Liliuokalani.
D) supported by President Cleveland.
Answer: B
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 588
Skill: Factual
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
7) In the Venezuela boundary dispute, the United States
A) attempted to colonize Venezuela.
B) invoked the Monroe Doctrine.
C) disapproved of the Olney Corollary.
D) sided with Great Britain.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 589
Skill: Factual
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
8) In world affairs, by 1895, the United States had
A) an army smaller than Bulgaria’s.
B) developed a consistent foreign policy for enlarging its role as a world leader.
C) a highly professional diplomatic corps.
D) one of the larger navies in the world.
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 590
Skill: Factual
Topic: Steps Toward Empire
9) The historian who developed the thesis that “the dominant fact in American life has been expansion” was
A) Frederick J. Turner.
B) Alfred T. Mahan.
C) Gary B. Nash.
D) Josiah Strong.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 590
Skill: Factual
Topic: Expansion in the 1890s
10) An important factor in promoting the shift in American foreign policy after the Civil War was
A) France’s invasion of Mexico.
B) support for Secretary of State Seward’s expansionist policy.
C) the search for markets for American products.
D) Great Britain’s refusal to pay the Alabama claims.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 590
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Expansion in the 1890s
11) An increase in American international commerce during the late nineteenth century necessitated a
A) devaluation of the dollar.
B) decrease in government spending.
C) strong navy.
D) policy of isolation.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 590
Skill: Interpretive
Topic: Expansion in the 1890s
12) One of the factors that promoted America’s search for new markets between 1865 and 1900 was
A) industrial and agricultural overproduction.
B) an increase in domestic consumption.
C) a decline in American industrial production because of the depression of 1893.