Chapter 01 The Science of Psychology
1. Dr. Amani is interested in investigating why women are more able to correctly interpret emotional expressions than men. In this case, he is most interested in the scientific goal of _____ behavior.
A. explaining
B. predicting
C. describing
D. deciding
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Define psychology.
Topic: Definition of PsychologyChapter 02
The Brain and Behavior
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The _____ system is the body's electrochemical communication circuitry.
A. pulmonary
B. nervous
C. endocrine
D. respiratory
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 42
2. Ashley, a secretary at Plato Inc., is typing on her computer, talking on the phone, and handing some papers to her colleague simultaneously. Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system is best illustrated in this scenario?
A. complexity
B. resting potential
C. polarization
D. plasticity
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 42
3. Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system best reflects the brain's ability to coordinate information from all five senses?
A. complexity
B. adaptability
C. integration
D. electrochemical transmission
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 42
4. The term plasticity refers to the
A. flexibility of the endocrine system.
B. ability of people to adapt to new surroundings.
C. ability to connect electrical impulses and chemical messengers.
D. brain's special capacity for modification and change.
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
5. Plasticity best reflects which of the following characteristics of the nervous system?
A. complexity
B. integration
C. adaptability
D. electrochemical transmission
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
6. Stand-up comedians who improvise constantly while on stage are demonstrating their ability to change according to the environment. Which of the following characteristics of the nervous system is most likely playing a predominant role in their adaptability?
A. resting potential
B. reuptake
C. polarization
D. adaptability
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
7. You are listening to a lecture. Then the bell rings in the hallway. In order to hear this stimulus, _____ nerves must carry electrochemical messages from your ears to your brain.
A. afferent
B. olfactory
C. efferent
D. pyramidal
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
8. The lecture you were listening to is over. The bell that rang in the hall signaled the end of class. You get up, pick up your things, and walk out the classroom door. Which kind of nerves sent the signals from your brain to your muscles to initiate your physical movements?
A. afferent
B. pyramidal
C. efferent
D. olfactory
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
9. Information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles is sent through _____, thus enabling the body to move.
A. afferent nerves
B. efferent nerves
C. auditory nerves
D. olfactory nerves
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
10. Your brain has instructed your body muscles to move so that you avoid burning your hand on a hot stove. Which type of nerves carried the information from your brain to your muscles so that you could avoid getting burned?
A. efferent nerves
B. afferent nerves
C. olfactory nerves
D. auditory nerves
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 43
11. The brain and spinal cord make up the
A. peripheral nervous system.
B. central nervous system.
C. autonomic nervous system.
D. somatic nervous system.
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Central Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 44
12. The _____ connects the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body.
A. central nervous system
B. peripheral nervous system
C. limbic system
D. endocrine system
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 44
13. The somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system are components of the
A. sensory system.
B. central nervous system.
C. limbic system.
D. peripheral nervous system.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 44
14. The somatic nervous system consists of motor nerves, whose function is to _____.
A. mobilize the body for action in a dangerous situation
B. tell muscles what to do
C. reduce the stress levels of the body
D. convey information from the skin and muscles to the central nervous system
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
15. The function of sensory nerves of the somatic nervous system is to
A. take messages to and from the body's internal organs, monitoring such processes as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.
B. be involved in the experience of stress and calm the body.
C. arouse the body to mobilize it for action.
D. convey information from the skin and muscles to the CNS about conditions such as pain and temperature.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
16. The function of the _____ is to take messages to and from the body's internal organs, monitoring such processes as breathing, heart rate, and digestion.
A. central nervous system
B. autonomic nervous system
C. somatic nervous system
D. voluntary nervous system
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
17. Which of the following essential body functions are under the control of the autonomic nervous system?
A. functions of reproductive system
B. excretory functions
C. sensory functions such as vision and hearing
D. functions of heart rate, breathing, and digestion
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
18. The sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system are components of the
A. central nervous system.
B. endocrine system.
C. somatic nervous system.
D. autonomic nervous system.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
19. Which of the following is one of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system?
A. convey information from skin to the central nervous system (CNS)
B. calm the body
C. fight-or-flight reaction
D. tell muscles what to do
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
20. You are walking to school when you encounter a barking dog. You start sweating and contemplate whether you should run away. Which nervous system is primarily responsible for this "fight-or-flight" reaction?
A. somatic
B. sympathetic
C. parasympathetic
D. central
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
21. Just before you went on a job interview your heart was pounding like crazy. You experienced a shortness of breath and felt sick to your stomach. These symptoms were most likely produced by your _____ nervous system.
A. central
B. somatic
C. parasympathetic
D. sympathetic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
22. Which division of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for producing physiological symptoms (such as increased heart rate and butterflies in the stomach) under conditions of stress?
A. somatic
B. parasympathetic
C. sympathetic
D. central
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
23. If a person needs to run away from a dangerous situation, the _____ nervous system sends blood to the person’s extremities to prepare him or her for taking off.
A. central
B. somatic
C. sympathetic
D. parasympathetic
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
24. After taking her English final, Natalie attempts to relax in her chair by meditating. She is attempting to reduce her heart and respiration rates, as well as her muscular tension. In this scenario, her physiological relaxation can be best attributed to the functioning of her _____ nervous system.
A. somatic
B. central
C. parasympathetic
D. sympathetic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
25. Maya burns her fingers while cooking dinner. Which of the following divisions of the nervous system will be primarily responsible for the pain she feels?
A. the central nervous system
B. the autonomic nervous system
C. the somatic nervous system
D. the parasympathetic nervous system
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
26. After finishing a psychology test, you try to relax by engaging in some meditation techniques. Doing these exercises should increase the response of the _____ nervous system, which results in a slower heart and respiration rate and less muscular tension.
A. somatic
B. central
C. parasympathetic
D. sympathetic
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.3 Describe applications of psychology.
Bloom’s: Apply
Difficulty: High
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
27. Corticosteroids are
A. stress hormones.
B. sex hormones.
C. neurotransmitters that regulate mood.
D. neurotransmitters that regulate memory.
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
28. _____ stress is the momentary stress that occurs in response to life experiences.
A. intrinsic
B. differential
C. chronic
D. acute
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Discuss the functions of the nervous system's main divisions.
Topic: Peripheral Nervous System
Feedback: The Nervous System, 45
29. Which of the following types of cells in the nervous system handle the information-processing function?
A. neurons
B. glial cells
C. sclerenchyma cells
D. sensors
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 46
30._____ provide support, nutritional benefits, and other functions in the nervous system.
A. Neurons
B. Glial cells
C. Sclerenchyma cells
D. Dendrites
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 46
31. The cell body contains the _____, which directs the manufacture of substances that a neuron needs for growth and maintenance.
A. myelin
B. nucleus
C. axon
D. dendrite
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
32. Which of the following is a true statement about dendrites?
A. They encase and insulate most axons.
B. They are treelike fibers projecting from a neuron.
C. They contain the nucleus of a neuron.
D. They direct the manufacture of substances required for growth of neurons.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
33. Which of the following is a true statement about an axon?
A. It encases and insulates most nuclei.
B. It is a treelike fiber projecting from a neuron.
C. It is extremely thin and has many branches.
D. It directs the manufacture of substances required for growth of neurons.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
34. Dendrites are
A. the part of the neuron that is responsible for sending information away from the cell body toward other cells.
B. treelike fibers which receive information and orient it toward the neuron’s cell body.
C. located inside the cell body.
D. the layer of fat cells that encase and insulate the neuron.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
35. The axon is
A. the part of the neuron that carryies information away from the cell body toward other cells.
B. the branchlike part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving information from other neurons.
C. located inside the cell body.
D. the layer of fat cells that encase and insulate the neuron.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
36. A _____ is a layer of fat cells that insulates most axons and speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses.
A. dendrite
B. myelin sheath
C. cyton
D. nucleolus
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
37. Which of the following is a function of the myelin sheath?
A. carry information away from the cell body toward other cells
B. increase the surface area of nerve cells
C. speed up the transmission of nerve impulses
D. play a role in imitation
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APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
38. In multiple sclerosis, identify the part of a neuron that typically hardens and disrupts the flow of information through neurons.
A. the nucleus
B. the dendrites
C. the cell body
D. the myelin sheath
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 48
39. In the context of the neural impulse, the membrane that encases the axon is called semipermeable because
A. only sodium ions can cross the membrane.
B. any type of substance can pass through the membrane.
C. fluids can sometimes flow into and out of it.
D. depolarization of the membranes cannot occur.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 49
40. Normally, when a neuron is not transmitting information and a slight negative charge is present on the inside of the cell membrane, it is said to be
A. depolarized.
B. resting.
C. active.
D. highly charged.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.2 Develop a working knowledge of psychology’s content domains.
Bloom’s: Understand
Difficulty: Medium
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons, 49
41. Resting potential is the
A. amount of time a signal travels through the central nervous system.
B. amount of time a neuron must "rest" in between firing episodes.
C. stable, positive charge of an inactive neuron.
D. stable, negative charge of an inactive neuron.
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
APA Learning Outcome: 1.1 Describe key concepts, principles, and overarching themes in psychology.
Bloom’s: Remember
Difficulty: Low
Learning Objective: Identify the parts of a neuron, and explain how they transmit information.
Topic: Neurons
Feedback: Neurons,